Adverbios de frecuencia.

Expresiones de tiempo en pasado

Comparative as ... as / less ... than

Pasado del verbo to be

Presente Perfecto con canciones

Presente perfecto simple: How long?, for,since

PRESENT PERFECT
En inglés utilizamos el tiempo presente perfecto cuando existe una conexión o relación entre el pasado y el presente. Tiene dos usos principales:

a) Lo utilizamos cuando nos encontramos interesados en el resultado presente de algo que ocurrió en un momento no definido del pasado:

- The secretary has decided to look for a new job.
La secretaria ha decidido buscar un nuevo trabajo.

- I'm afraid I have forgotten your name.
Me temo que he olvidado tu nombre.

b) Lo utilizamos para hablar acerca de una acción o situación que comenzó en el pasado y aún continúa:

- How long have you worked here?
¿Cuánto tiempo has trabajado aquí?

- She has been away on business since last week.
Ella se ha ausentado por negocios desde la semana pasada.

- I haven't seen Sylvia for several years.
No he visto a Silvia durante varios.

Con el presente perfecto utilizamos How long...? (¿Cuánto tiempo...?) en preguntas relacionadas con la duración y for (durante) o since (desde) para las respuestas.

- How long have you worked at OM Personal?
¿Cuánto tiempo has trabajado en OM Personal?

Observa que usamos for para expresar la duración de una acción, y since para indicar cuándo comenzó la acción.

- I've worked here for twelve months (for twenty years, etc).
He trabajado aquí durante doce meses (durante veinte años, etc)

- I've worked here since January (since 1990, since Christmas, etc).
He trabajado aquí desde Enero (desde 1990, desde Navidad, etc)

A menudo el presente perfecto se utiliza con los adverbios just (justo), yet (aún), still (todavía), already (ya), ever (alguna vez), never (nunca), recently (recientemente), lately (últimamente), so far (hasta aquí), up to now (hasta ahora). Observa algunos ejemplos:

- They 've just signed an important contract.
Ellos acaban de firmar un importante contrato.
(RECUERDA: Present Perfect + JUST >> Acabar de hacer algo)

- Sheila hasn't received an answer yet.
Sheila no ha recibido respuesta aún.

- Have you ever used this type of machine?
¿Has utilizado alguna vez este tipo de máquina?

- We've had good results so far.
Hasta aquí hemos obtenido buenos resultados.

fuente:http://www.ompersonal.com.ar/omgrammar/presentperfect-pastsimple.htm

Presente Perfecto Simple

Present Perfect

Irregular Plural of Nouns

Irregular Plural of Nouns

Linking past actions

Interrupted actions in progress

The Past Continuous is often used when one action in progress is interruped by another action in the past. We usually use when or while to link these two sentences.
1. Sentence in Past Continuous + WHEN + Sentence in Past Simple
e.g. I was singing -------------------- e.g. my wife came home

2. WHEN/WHILE + Sentence in Past Continuous + Sentence in Past Simple
e.g. I was singing -------------------------- e.g. my wife came home

• I was talking with James when the telephone rang.
• While Angelica was playing tennis, the plane crashed .
• When Bob was painting windows, it started raining.

Fuente: http://www.englishtenses.com/tenses/past_continuous

Pasado progresivo

Past Progressive/Continuous - Use
The Past Progressive is used when we talk about something which was happening at a special time in the past. It is also called Past Continuous. Have a look at the following examples:

1) action was in progress at special time in the past
Peter was reading a book yesterday evening.
She was listening to the radio.

2) two actions were happening at the same time (the actions do not influence each other)
Anne was writing a letter while Steve was reading the New York Times.

3) together with the Simple Past
While we were sitting at the breakfast table, the telephone rang.

Note:
Past Progressive: were sitting at the table
Simple Past: the telephone rang.

The action in the Simple Past interrupted the action in the Past Progressive.

4) repeated actions irritating the speaker (with always, constantly, forever)
Andrew was always coming in late. (I don't like it.)

Simple Past:
Andrew always came late. (Here I don't give a comment.)

Past Progressive/Continuous - Signal words
Signal words tell you what tense you have to use. In the Past Progressive we often use a period of time. A typical signal word is while. The Past Progressive is frequently used in sentences together with the Simple Past.

while (In this part of the sentence we usually use Past Progressive.)

While we were watching TV, Andy was surfing the internet.

when (In this part of the sentence we usually use Simple Past. The Past Progressive is used in the other part of the sentence.)

The ladies were talking when the accident happened.

Form of the Past Progressive/Continuous
We use a form of to be (was or were), the infinitive of the verb and the ending –ing.

to be (was, were) + infinitive + -ing

----------------------------------------------------------------------------

Affirmative sentences:
I/he/she/it was playing football.
We/you/they were playing football.

NOTE: Use was with I, he, she, it -
and were with all other pronouns.

In affirmative sentences we do not use short forms in the Past Progressive.

----------------------------------------------------------------------------

Negative sentences:
I/he/she/it was not playing football.
We/you/they were not playing football.

We use short forms in the Past Progressive in negative sentences:

I/he/she/it wasn't playing football.
We/you/they weren't playing football.

----------------------------------------------------------------------------
Questions:
In the Past Progressive we put the auxiliary (was or were) before the subject
(Auxiliary - Subject - Verb - Rest).

Was I/he/she/it playing football?
Were we/you/they playing football?

Past Progressive - Spelling
Be careful with some words when adding -ing to the infinitive.

1) consonant after a short, stressed vowel at the end of the word
Double the consonant.

sit – he was sitting
put - he was putting

If the consonant is not stressed, we do not double it:
benefit - benefiting (Here we stress the first 'e', not the 'i'.)

In British English we double one -l at the end of the word:
travel - travelling

----------------------------------------------------------------------------

2) one -e at the end of the word
Leave out the -e.

write – he was writing
take – he was taking

BUT:
double –e: add -ing
see – he was seeing

---------------------------------------------------------------------------

3) verbs ending in -ie
Change 'ie' to 'y'.
lie - he was lying

----------------------------------------------------------------------------

4) verbs ending in -c
Change 'c' to 'ck'.
picnic - he was picnicking

Fuente: http://www.englisch-hilfen.de/en/exercises/tenses/past_progressive_statements.htm